Війна і мир

Chapter 7

           Howisitthatmillionsofmencommitcollectivecrimes—makewar,commitmurder,andsoon?

           WiththepresentcomplexformsofpoliticalandsociallifeinEuropecananyeventthatisnotprescribed,decreed,ororderedbymonarchs,ministers,parliaments,ornewspapersbeimagined?Isthereanycollectiveactionwhichcannotfinditsjustificationinpoliticalunity,inpatriotism,inthebalanceofpower,orincivilization?Sothateveryeventthatoccursinevitablycoincideswithsomeexpressedwishand,receivingajustification,presentsitselfastheresultofthewillofonemanorofseveralmen.

           Inwhateverdirectionashipmoves,theflowofthewavesitcutswillalwaysbenoticeableaheadofit.Tothoseonboardtheshipthemovementofthosewaveswillbetheonlyperceptiblemotion.

           Onlybywatchingcloselymomentbymomentthemovementofthatflowandcomparingitwiththemovementoftheshipdoweconvinceourselvesthateverybitofitisoccasionedbytheforwardmovementoftheship,andthatwewereledintoerrorbythefactthatweourselveswereimperceptiblymoving.

           Weseethesameifwewatchmomentbymomentthemovementofhistoricalcharacters(thatis,re-establishtheinevitableconditionofallthatoccurs—thecontinuityofmovementintime)anddonotlosesightoftheessentialconnectionofhistoricalpersonswiththemasses.

           Whentheshipmovesinonedirectionthereisoneandthesamewaveaheadofit,whenitturnsfrequentlythewaveaheadofitalsoturnsfrequently.Butwhereveritmayturntherealwayswillbethewaveanticipatingitsmovement.

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