Війна і мир

Chapter 6

           

           Thisrelationofthecommandertothosehecommandsisjustwhatiscalledpower.Thisrelationconsistsinthefollowing:

           Forcommonactionpeoplealwaysuniteincertaincombinations,inwhichregardlessofthedifferenceoftheaimssetforthecommonaction,therelationbetweenthosetakingpartinitisalwaysthesame.

           Menunitinginthesecombinationsalwaysassumesuchrelationstowardoneanotherthatthelargernumbertakeamoredirectshare,andthesmallernumberalessdirectshare,inthecollectiveactionforwhichtheyhavecombined.

           Ofallthecombinationsinwhichmenuniteforcollectiveactiononeofthemoststrikinganddefiniteexamplesisanarmy.

           Everyarmyiscomposedoflowergradesoftheservice—therankandfile—ofwhomtherearealwaysthegreatestnumber;ofthenexthighermilitaryrank—corporalsandnoncommissionedofficersofwhomtherearefewer,andofstill-higherofficersofwhomtherearestillfewer,andsoontothehighestmilitarycommandwhichisconcentratedinoneperson.

           Amilitaryorganizationmaybequitecorrectlycomparedtoacone,ofwhichthebasewiththelargestdiameterconsistsoftherankandfile;thenexthigherandsmallersectionoftheconeconsistsofthenexthighergradesofthearmy,andsoontotheapex,thepointofwhichwillrepresentthecommanderinchief.

           Thesoldiers,ofwhomtherearethemost,formthelowersectionoftheconeanditsbase.Thesoldierhimselfdoesthestabbing,hacking,burning,andpillaging,andalwaysreceivesordersfortheseactionsfrommenabovehim;hehimselfnevergivesanorder.

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