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Chapter 19

           Thefactisthatotherpositionstheyhadpassedwerestronger,andthatthepositionatBorodinó(theonewherethebattlewasfought),farfrombeingstrong,wasnomoreapositionthananyotherspotonemightfindintheRussianEmpirebystickingapinintothemapathazard.

           NotonlydidtheRussiansnotfortifythepositiononthefieldofBorodinótotheleftof,andatarightangleto,thehighroad(thatis,thepositiononwhichthebattletookplace),butnevertillthetwenty-fifthofAugust,1812,didtheythinkthatabattlemightbefoughtthere.Thiswasshownfirstbythefactthattherewerenoentrenchmentstherebythetwentyfifthandthatthosebegunonthetwenty-fifthandtwenty-sixthwerenotcompleted,andsecondly,bythepositionoftheShevárdinoRedoubt.Thatredoubtwasquitesenselessinfrontofthepositionwherethebattlewasaccepted.Whywasitmorestronglyfortifiedthananyotherpost?Andwhywerealleffortsexhaustedandsixthousandmensacrificedtodefendittilllateatnightonthetwenty-fourth?ACossackpatrolwouldhavesufficedtoobservetheenemy.Thirdly,asproofthatthepositiononwhichthebattlewasfoughthadnotbeenforeseenandthattheShevárdinoRedoubtwasnotanadvancedpostofthatposition,wehavethefactthatuptothetwenty-fifth,BarclaydeTollyandBagratiónwereconvincedthattheShevárdinoRedoubtwastheleftflankoftheposition,andthatKutúzovhimselfinhisreport,writteninhothasteafterthebattle,speaksoftheShevárdinoRedoubtastheleftflankoftheposition.

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