Війна і мир

Chapter 11

           

           Fromthestandpointfromwhichthescienceofhistorynowregardsitssubjectonthepathitnowfollows,seekingthecausesofeventsinman’sfreewill,ascientificenunciationofthoselawsisimpossible,forhoweverman’sfreewillmayberestricted,assoonaswerecognizeitasaforcenotsubjecttolaw,theexistenceoflawbecomesimpossible.

           Onlybyreducingthiselementoffreewilltotheinfinitesimal,thatis,byregardingitasaninfinitelysmallquantity,canweconvinceourselvesoftheabsoluteinaccessibilityofthecauses,andtheninsteadofseekingcauses,historywilltakethediscoveryoflawsasitsproblem.

           Thesearchfortheselawshaslongbeenbegunandthenewmethodsofthoughtwhichhistorymustadoptarebeingworkedoutsimultaneouslywiththeself-destructiontowardwhich—everdissectinganddissectingthecausesofphenomena—theoldmethodofhistoryismoving.

           Allhumanscienceshavetraveledalongthatpath.Arrivingatinfinitesimals,mathematics,themostexactofsciences,abandonstheprocessofanalysisandentersonthenewprocessoftheintegrationofunknown,infinitelysmall,quantities.Abandoningtheconceptionofcause,mathematicsseekslaw,thatis,thepropertycommontoallunknown,infinitelysmall,elements.

           Inanotherformbutalongthesamepathofreflectiontheotherscienceshaveproceeded

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