Війна і мир

Chapter 4

           Thispowercannotbebasedonthepredominanceofmoralstrength,for,nottomentionheroessuchasNapoleonaboutwhosemoralqualitiesopinionsdifferwidely,historyshowsusthatneitheraLouisXInoraMetternich,whoruledovermillionsofpeople,hadanyparticularmoralqualities,butonthecontraryweregenerallymorallyweakerthananyofthemillionstheyruledover.

           Ifthesourceofpowerliesneitherinthephysicalnorinthemoralqualitiesofhimwhopossessesit,itmustevidentlybelookedforelsewhere—intherelationtothepeopleofthemanwhowieldsthepower.

           Andthatishowpowerisunderstoodbythescienceofjurisprudence,thatexchangebankofhistorywhichofferstoexchangehistory’sunderstandingofpowerfortruegold.

           Poweristhecollectivewillofthepeopletransferred,byexpressedortacitconsent,totheirchosenrulers.

           Inthedomainofjurisprudence,whichconsistsofdiscussionsofhowastateandpowermightbearrangedwereitpossibleforallthattobearranged,itisallveryclear;butwhenappliedtohistorythatdefinitionofpowerneedsexplanation.

           Thescienceofjurisprudenceregardsthestateandpowerastheancientsregardedfire—namely,assomethingexistingabsolutely.Butforhistory,thestateandpoweraremerelyphenomena,justasformodernphysicsfireisnotanelementbutaphenomenon.

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