Війна і мир

Chapter 7

           Atfirsthewatchedtheserfs,tryingtounderstandtheiraimsandwhattheyconsideredgoodandbad,andonlypretendedtodirectthemandgiveorderswhileinrealitylearningfromthemtheirmethods,theirmannerofspeech,andtheirjudgmentofwhatwasgoodandbad.Onlywhenhehadunderstoodthepeasants’tastesandaspirations,hadlearnedtotalktheirlanguage,tograspthehiddenmeaningoftheirwords,andfeltakintothemdidhebeginboldlytomanagehisserfs,thatis,toperformtowardthemthedutiesdemandedofhim.AndNicholas’managementproducedverybrilliantresults.

           Guidedbysomegiftofinsight,ontakingupthemanagementoftheestatesheatonceunerringlyappointedasbailiff,villageelder,anddelegate,theverymentheserfswouldthemselveshavechosenhadtheyhadtherighttochoose,andthesepostsneverchangedhands.Beforeanalyzingthepropertiesofmanure,beforeenteringintothedebitandcredit(asheironicallycalledit),hefoundouthowmanycattlethepeasantshadandincreasedthenumberbyallpossiblemeans.Hekeptthepeasantfamiliestogetherinthelargestgroupspossible,notallowingthefamilygroupstodivideintoseparatehouseholds.Hewashardalikeonthelazy,thedepraved,andtheweak,andtriedtogetthemexpelledfromthecommune.

           Hewasascarefulofthesowingandreapingofthepeasants’hayandcornasofhisown,andfewlandownershadtheircropssownandharvestedsoearlyandsowell,orgotsogoodareturn,asdidNicholas.

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