Війна і мир

Chapter 1

           

           Weareforcedtofallbackonfatalismasanexplanationofirrationalevents(thatistosay,eventsthereasonablenessofwhichwedonotunderstand).Themorewetrytoexplainsucheventsinhistoryreasonably,themoreunreasonableandincomprehensibledotheybecometous.

           Eachmanlivesforhimself,usinghisfreedomtoattainhispersonalaims,andfeelswithhiswholebeingthathecannowdoorabstainfromdoingthisorthataction;butassoonashehasdoneit,thatactionperformedatacertainmomentintimebecomesirrevocableandbelongstohistory,inwhichithasnotafreebutapredestinedsignificance.

           Therearetwosidestothelifeofeveryman,hisindividuallife,whichisthemorefreethemoreabstractitsinterests,andhiselementalhivelifeinwhichheinevitablyobeyslawslaiddownforhim.

           Manlivesconsciouslyforhimself,butisanunconsciousinstrumentintheattainmentofthehistoric,universal,aimsofhumanity.Adeeddoneisirrevocable,anditsresultcoincidingintimewiththeactionsofmillionsofothermenassumesanhistoricsignificance.Thehigheramanstandsonthesocialladder,themorepeopleheisconnectedwithandthemorepowerhehasoverothers,themoreevidentisthepredestinationandinevitabilityofhiseveryaction.

           “Theking’sheartisinthehandsoftheLord.”

           Akingishistory’sslave.

           History,thatis,theunconscious,general,hivelifeofmankind,useseverymomentofthelifeofkingsasatoolforitsownpurposes.

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