Война и мир

Chapter 8

           Everyman,savageorsage,howeverincontestablyreasonandexperimentmayprovetohimthatitisimpossibletoimaginetwodifferentcoursesofactioninpreciselythesameconditions,feelsthatwithoutthisirrationalconception(whichconstitutestheessenceoffreedom)hecannotimaginelife.Hefeelsthathoweverimpossibleitmaybe,itisso,forwithoutthisconceptionoffreedomnotonlywouldhebeunabletounderstandlife,buthewouldbeunabletoliveforasinglemoment.

           Hecouldnotlive,becauseallman’sefforts,allhisimpulsestolife,areonlyeffortstoincreasefreedom.Wealthandpoverty,fameandobscurity,powerandsubordination,strengthandweakness,healthanddisease,cultureandignorance,workandleisure,repletionandhunger,virtueandvice,areonlygreaterorlesserdegreesoffreedom.

           Amanhavingnofreedomcannotbeconceivedofexceptasdeprivedoflife.

           Iftheconceptionoffreedomappearstoreasontobeasenselesscontradictionlikethepossibilityofperformingtwoactionsatoneandthesameinstantoftime,orofaneffectwithoutacause,thatonlyprovesthatconsciousnessisnotsubjecttoreason.

           Thisunshakable,irrefutableconsciousnessoffreedom,uncontrolledbyexperimentorargument,recognizedbyallthinkersandfeltbyeveryonewithoutexception,thisconsciousnesswithoutwhichnoconceptionofmanispossibleconstitutestheothersideofthequestion.

           Manisthecreationofanall-powerful,all-good,andall-seeingGod.Whatissin,theconceptionofwhicharisesfromtheconsciousnessofman’sfreedom?Thatisaquestionfortheology.

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