Chapter 16

           

           Afterthetwenty-eighthofOctoberwhenthefrostsbegan,theflightoftheFrenchassumedastillmoretragiccharacter,withmenfreezing,orroastingthemselvestodeathatthecampfires,whilecarriageswithpeopledressedinfurscontinuedtodrivepast,carryingawaythepropertythathadbeenstolenbytheEmperor,kings,anddukes;buttheprocessoftheflightanddisintegrationoftheFrencharmywentonessentiallyasbefore.

           FromMoscowtoVyázmatheFrencharmyofseventy-threethousandmennotreckoningtheGuards(whodidnothingduringthewholewarbutpillage)wasreducedtothirty-sixthousand,thoughnotmorethanfivethousandhadfalleninbattle.Fromthisbeginningthesucceedingtermsoftheprogressioncouldbedeterminedmathematically.TheFrencharmymeltedawayandperishedatthesameratefromMoscowtoVyázma,fromVyázmatoSmolénsk,fromSmolénsktotheBerëzina,andfromtheBerëzinatoVílna—independentlyofthegreaterorlesserintensityofthecold,thepursuit,thebarringoftheway,oranyotherparticularconditions.BeyondVyázmatheFrencharmyinsteadofmovinginthreecolumnshuddledtogetherintoonemass,andsowentontotheend.BerthierwrotetohisEmperor(weknowhowfarcommandingofficersallowthemselvestodivergefromthetruthindescribingtheconditionofanarmy)andthisiswhathesaid:

           IdeemitmydutytoreporttoYourMajestytheconditionofthevariouscorpsIhavehadoccasiontoobserveduringdifferentstagesofthelasttwoorthreedays’march.Theyarealmostdisbanded.

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