Коралловый остров

Chapter 30

           Thoseofthethirdclassarethelowcorallineislands,usuallyhavinglagoonsofwaterintheirmidst.Theyareverynumerous.

           "Astothemannerinwhichcoralislandsandreefsareformed,therearevariousopinionsonthispoint.Iwillgiveyouwhatseemstomethemostprobabletheoryatheory,Imayadd,whichisheldbysomeofthegoodandscientificmissionaries.Itiswellknownthatthereismuchlimeinsaltwater;itisalsoknownthatcoraliscomposedoflime.Itissupposedthatthepolypes,orcoralinsects,havethepowerofattractingthislimetotheirbodies,andwiththismaterialtheybuildtheirlittlecellsorhabitations.Theychoosethesummitofavolcano,orthetopofasubmarinemountain,asafoundationonwhichtobuild,foritisfoundthattheyneverworkatanygreatdepthbelowthesurface.Onthistheywork.Thepolypesonthemountain-top,ofcourse,reachthesurfacefirst;thenthoseattheouteredgesreachthetopsoonerthantheothersbetweenthemandthecentre,thusformingthecoralreefsurroundingthelagoonofwaterandthecentralisland.Afterthat,theinsectswithinthelagoonceaseworking.Whenthesurfaceofthewaterisreached,thesemyriadsofwonderfulcreaturesdie.Thenbirdsvisitthespot,andseedsarethusconveyedthither,whichtakerootandspringupandflourish.Thusarecommencedthosecorallineisletsofwhichyouhaveseensomanyintheseseas.Thereefsroundthelargeislandsareformedinasimilarmanner.

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